The 2010 Winter Olympic Games will begin tomorrow, on February 12th in Vancouver and they are already considered as ones of the “greenest ever organised”.

These days many journalists’ are asking the same questions: are the 2010 Olympics the greenest games ever? “Vancouver Olympics: The greenest Games ever?” (Yahoo), “Vancouver 2010: The greenest Olympics?” (Mother Nature Network), “Green Olympic Games - Myth or Reality?” (environmentalism.suite101.com). But what can we compare Vancouver 2010 to, to get a clear answer to that interrogation?

By screening the web, I realise the answer is contrasting: “Vancouver Olympics are going for the green” (Yahoo), “Vancouver Winter Games, Not surprisingly, to be Quite Green” (greenr.ca), “the 2010 Games will be pretty green” (Ms Coady, Vanoc’s vice-president for sustainability), “Vancouver 2010 Promises Greenest Olympic Games Ever” (Inhabitat.com).

Indeed Vancouver has some pretty impressive green credentials to put forward.

The LEED building criteria were used to reduce venue footprints and to create facilities that have minimal impact on nature, and that use water and energy efficiently. The priority has been given to the refurbishment of existing facilities rather than building new sites. Basically Vancouverites did not get super-structures such as a ‘Birds Nest’ stadium or a ‘Water Cube’ swimming pool. The emphasis has been put on responsible construction and nearly every building has a purpose and a meaning that will outlast the two weeks- long Games.

Vancouver’s Olympic organizing committee (VANOC) partnered with Offsetters Green Technology Inc., to offset the direct emissions generated from the Games by investing in clean energy projects. The estimate direct emissions are of 110,000 tonnes including all aspects of staging the Games, including transportation, energy consumption, venue construction and the torch relay.

Regarding sponsorship corporate sustainability program has been introduced, the “Vancouver 2010 Sustainability Stars program”, that highlights the leading innovations in sustainability made by Games sponsors, partners and organizers. So far, over 60 “sustainability stars” have been awarded. Coca Cola was awarded a star for its “Waste Diversion Program” that will ensure that 95% of waste generated during the Games will be diverted from landfills.

Public transport will be free and unlimited for ticket holders on the day of their event.

And it may seem anecdotal, but all the medals to be awarded to the successful athletes, are made from recycled materials from used electronics , allowing 6.8 metric tons of circuit board to be diverted from landfills.

But the answer to the question “Vancouver Olympics: The greenest Games ever?” is far more simple.

In 1932, Lake Placid hosted the third Winter Olympics. Due to the financial crisis only 17 countries attended, represented by some 250 athletes, half of them were coming from Canada and the United States, and only 21 were women athletes. The Games required the construction of one new stadium, all the events being organised outdoor or in existing facilities. Lake Placid Games is just an example of how green were the first Games back in the late 19th and early 20th century.

In 2010, 80 countries will participate to the Games. Vancouver is set to host 5,500 Olympic Games athletes and team officials, 1,350 Paralympics Games athletes and team officials and 10,000 media representatives from all over the world. 1.6 million tickets were made available. 3 billion viewers are expected to watch the Games on screen. Two villages have been built to host them. Olympics infrastructures also include a new subway line and $600m upgrade of the “Sea to Sky highway”. These Games will leave a massive environmental footprint despite all the efforts of organisers to lower it. No need to be an environmentalist to figure out which one of Vancouver or Lake Placid Games have the lower environmental footprint. Vancouver Games are probably going to be the greenest games ever organised, during the past 15 years.

Carbon neutrality is the BHAG (“Big Hairy Audacious Goal”) of Vancouver that does seem unachievable due to the size of such an event and the inherent limits to carbon offsetting. On the other hand the impact of their social inclusion programs was a bit diminished when IOC (international Olympics Committee) was nominated for a Public Eyes Award (organised by Greenpeace) for having awarded the 2010 Games to Vancouver, “causing the displacement of a large part of the indigenous population around the venue, the Games being held on Indian lands whose title was never ceded”.

2012 London Summer Games are coming soon, and they are already putting forward “never seen before” green credentials. But what I like about London strategy is that it is not focused only on environment. Organisers have also embedded social sustainability in their strategy, highlighting the social benefits that the Games could have on the east of the capital.

The “Greenest Games ever” is a recurring theme and a PR leitmotiv.

In substance Vancouver 2010 organisers claim that the Games will have no impact on the area where they are organised. They will leave the place as it was found. Whereas London BHAG is to make London a better place than before the Games and that’s a much hairier goal…

Article reproduced, author: Donald Carli*

Most people will tell you that they care about saving our forests, but they tend to be uninformed or misinformed when it comes to knowing the causes of deforestation or some of the places being affected most significantly by land use change that kills trees, pollutes rivers and contributes to climate change. Until recently the conventional wisdom has been to demonize paper and print media as the major culprit behind “killing trees” and to idealize digital media as “green and groovy” alternative without consideration for the full backstory or life cycle footprint of either.

Pixels Don’t Grow on Trees

Paper and print media supply chains are far from being sustainable, but may be far less of a threat to forests than the “Tree-Wash” claims about how digital media saves trees or how pixels are greener than pages. “Tree-Wash” is my term for a special class of “greenwash” making false, misleading or unsupported marketing claims that ignore the causes of deforestation associated with digital media, or that fail to identify the actual trees and forests allegedly being saved or planted.

However, the Copenhagen Climate Summit and technologies developed to verify land use are likely to play a major role in changing the status quo with regard to foot-printing forests, identifying trees and the calculating the climate impacts of coal-powered IT.

Are You Seeing REDD yet?

Deforestation and the sustainable management of the world’s forests are serious issues that should be top of mind given the world’s focus on climate change. Trees sequester carbon equal to half of their dry weight, and scientists estimate that as much 20 percent of total emissions of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) are emitted due to deforestation, land use change and forest degradation. For that reason, Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) is a major issue that will be addressed in Copenhagen.

Sustainable forestry will play an increasingly important role in supporting the literacy and sanitary existence of the world’s growing population. In addition to providing millions of jobs and providing the wood fiber used to produce over 350 million tons of paper per year, the world’s forests also serve as the planet’s “lungs” by converting or “sequestering” atmospheric carbon dioxide into woody biomass and providing other important environmental services. In addition, sustainably harvested forest biomass will increasingly be employed by a new generation of integrated biorefineries to replace fossil fuel energy and petrochemical feedstocks.

According to some reports just one day’s deforestation is equivalent to the greenhouse gas emissions of eight million people flying to New York; in order to address such a serious challenge and provide a basis to monitoring the reduction of deforestation and forest degradation, an impressive array of geo-locative and remote sensing capabilities are being developed to map the world’s forests and identify the location of individual trees with startling precision.

For example, as part of the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and its member countries and partners is undertaking a global remote sensing survey of forests covering the whole land surface of the Earth. FAO is also providing technical support for national forest assessments and the establishment of national forest monitoring systems. See: Global Forest Resources Assessment

Do You See the Forest or the Trees?

Remote sensing of forest biomass and geo-locative tagging of trees will become increasingly important as the exemption of carbon dioxide emissions from bioenergy use will only be appropriate if there is a system that also counts emissions from deforesting land and land use activities that degrade forest ecologies. In that way, if biomass for energy use results in deforestation, emissions are counted as land use emissions equivalent to fossil fuel emissions. However, these new applications will also be making it possible to stem the tsunami of “Go Digital, Save Trees” Tree-Wash marketing claims that many marketers of e-billing, e-books and digital media have been flooding the market with.

One of the little known but significant causes of deforestation in the United States related to digital media is the practice of Mountain Top Removal, employed to mine the coal used to generate electricity in states like West Virginia. In 2008 over 41 million tons of coal were extracted by means of Mountain Top Removal in West Virginia. Coal provides the majority of electric power in 32 states, and 99 percent of the electricity generated in West Virginia comes from coal.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that by 2013 an area the size of Delaware will have been deforested to extract coal. In addition to the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the energy consumed by digital media’s IT infrastructure, the deforestation, toxic air pollution and water pollution impacts associated with coal mining, coal combustion and coal waste need to be considered before making claims about digital media being greener than print or saving trees.

Truth in Augmented Reality

Deforestation, illegal logging and land-use changes that result in greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental damage are serious matters that billions of people care about. With today’s advanced remote sensing and geo-location capabilities consumers have every reason to expect marketers making claims about their offerings saving trees, or resulting in the planting of trees, to identify the trees in question and account for the life cycle impacts associated with their products. Even if the FTC does not yet prosecute such cases, that would not preclude a competitor from calling on the National Advertising Review Council to review the truthfulness and accuracy of a green marketing claim.

As we enter the “Post Madoff” trust-but-verify age of social-media powered transparency and climate awareness, it is becoming more possible and important than ever to monitor the green message content and supply chain impacts of advertising. Pixels may not grow on trees, but it is increasingly likely that remote sensing and augmented reality pixels can and will be used to hold marketers responsible for the carbon footprint of their media supply chains and the truthfulness and accuracy of advertising claims they make about saving or planting trees.

*Author: Donald Carli
Senior Research Fellow
Institute for Sustainable Communication
http://www.sustaincom.org

Global Climate Week 21^st – 25^th September 2009

As part of the Seal the Deal! Campaign, UNEP are leading the Global Climate Week, which is planned to coincide with the United Nations Secretary-General’s High Level Summit on Climate Change on 22^nd September 2009.

This important week and the lead-up weekend will be marked by synchronized activities in more than 100 cities to urge world leaders to seal a fair and effective climate agreement at the UN Conference on Climate Change in Copenhagen this December.

Global Climate Week will unite efforts, whether individual or collective, calling for urgent action to combat climate change – the greatest challenge of our time.

Cities, organizations, groups and individuals are invited to mobilize their networks and join the effort.

The United Nations is also encouraging communities, businesses and individuals to add their voices to the “Seal the Deal!” campaign during Global Climate Week by signing the online Climate Petition, which will be presented to the governments of the world in Copenhagen, she said. The petition is available at http://www.sealthedeal2009.org/the-climate-petition

According to a statement by UN spokesperson, Michele Montas, “the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon is calling on communities around the world to take advantage of the week to encourage leaders to seal a fair, balanced and effective agreement on climate change.”

Montas stated that events have been planned in more than 120 countries “for this first Global Climate Week, which coincides with the UN Summit on Climate Change convened by the Secretary-General in New York, on 22 September.”

Be part of Global Climate Week

Enter your Global Climate Week pledge at www.sealthedeal2009.org.Afterwards, share your activities with the world by uploading a report, including video and photos.

The Lead-up Weekend

Day 1 - Saturday 19th
Global Tree Planting Drive

Mass tree planting activities may actually help save the planet! Beginning on 19 September, each tree pledged or planted during Global Climate Week will carry the Seal the Deal! message – a direct call for political action on climate change. Let us know how many trees you are pledging to plant and where. The planting can be part of your Clean up the World activity.
Make sure tree-planters sign the Climate Petition at: www.sealthedeal2009.org. The tree-planting drive is carried out in cooperation with the UN Billion Tree Campaign.

Day 2 - Sunday, 20th
Climate Petition Day

Organize public events or online activities to encourage as many people as possible in every corner of the world to sign the Climate Petition. We need millions to show their support in favour of a definitive agreement on climate change by signing the Climate Petition, which calls on leaders to sign a definitive and equitable agreement on climate change this December.

Global Climate Week

Day 3 - Monday 21st
Climate Change Assembly Day

Young people around the world will hold peaceful assemblies in support of definitive global action on climate change, under the banner “Seal the Deal!” The Climate Petition will be made available online in a print-friendly format to allow campaigners to hand over a meaningful statement to their national and local authorities, urging governments to reach an agreement in Copenhagen.

Day 4 - Tuesday 22nd
Seal the Deal! Green Day

Wear SOMETHING GREEN to show support and solidarity for sealing the deal in Copenhagen on the day the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, hosts world leaders at a UN High Level Event on Climate Change in New York. Leaders will come face-to-face with the latest support for the Climate Petition.

You can also:

• Arrange for a Seal the Deal! Support Day at work or school
• Add a message to the Climate Wall Twitter, blog, or write an Editorial or a letter to your editor
• Download the Seal the Deal! Screen Saver
• Get creative and do your own thing to show support for urgent action to combat climate change!

Day 5 - Wednesday 23rd
Go Climate Neutral Day

Power down! Go climate neutral for the day in a personal show of support for a definitive agreement on climate change.

Countries, cities, businesses and organizations:

• Pledge innovative action to lessen your carbon footprint.
• Join the UN Climate Neutral Network www.unep.org/climateneutral

Communities and individuals:

• Ride your bike, car pool or take public transport
• Enjoy a candlelit dinner while you turn off the lights
• Find ways to offset your carbon footprint.
• Make a pledge and upload your action, photos, video, songs and comments at www.sealthedeal2009.org

Day 6 - Thursday 24th
Climate Voices Day

Join the global chorus calling on world leaders to act now to protect people and the planet, and to power green growth. Have your voice heard on climate change and acknowledge the heroes and victims of climate change, as well as the individuals and groups who are taking positive action to combat climate change in their communities.

Nominate your local climate champ at www.sealthedeal2009.org

Record your testimonial of how climate change is affecting you at the Climate Wall

Day 7 - Friday 25th
Climate Solutions Day

The latest science shows our climate is changing more rapidly than expected. But it is not too late to change our habits and implement solutions so that humans stop harming the climate. From low energy bulbs to fuel-cell cars, solutions for a low carbon future are evolving every day.

Showcase your green technology innovation and share it with the world at www.sealthedeal2009.org

Author - Rosemary Randall

Psychoanalysis has a complex view of the human psyche and its motivations. Its theories assume that we do not necessarily know ourselves well, that we hide our less worthy motives from ourselves, repress our unacceptable passions and that our sense of self may be contingent and fragile. How might such theories help us understand issues of identity in relation to climate change?

The sociologist Anthony Giddens calls the current period one of ‘late’ or ‘high’ modernity, a post-traditional order characterised psychologically by doubt and existential uncertainty. It is a period in which capitalism has become intensely consumer focused, its reach and systems have become truly global and aggressive marketing techniques – often making use of psychoanalytic insights to do with sexuality and desire – have become the norm. Objects of consumer desire are created and coded around identity markers: people ‘like you’ buy this or that. People ‘like you’ will be excluded or become social pariahs if you do not. Identity appears at this level to be a matter of individual choice, selected from a range of market-influenced options.

The questions and issues that patients bring to the consulting room have changed. Although the same bedrock of depression and anxiety can be discerned, the troubles of late modernity are filtered through preoccupations with ‘Who am I?’ ‘Where is my life going?’ and doubt and dissatisfaction at what life offers.

Moral commentators might see such questions as indicative of decadence or self-indulgence. However psychoanalysis notes in them a fragility and vulnerability in the basic sense of self that has damaging consequences for the individual who suffers from it.

Such people need constant confirmation and affirmation from others, are subject to experiences of fragmentation and disintegration, and easily experience the crippling emotions of shame and self-consciousness when faced with even the mildest criticism from self or others. Their very existence can feel in doubt and this inner self-doubt is often mirrored by outer self-aggrandisement and omnipotence.

In the UK the work of Winnicott and in the US the work of Kohut have led the way in unscrambling the early, pre-oedipal origins of this vulnerability. It is well summarised in Phil Mollon’s aptly titled book ‘The fragile self: the structure of narcissistic disturbance’. While we see this fragile self writ large in the consulting room, we also see it writ small in day-to-day encounters and in the well-noted difficulties that individuals have in making the life-style changes that climate change requires of people in the developed nations. Where a vulnerable identity is supported by buying into the ‘right’ consumer options and life-style, change is hard.

Tim Jackson and other commentators have noted the complex relationship between material goods and a socially constructed sense of identity but I would like to suggest that psychoanalysis can offer help in how we try to effect the necessary social change.

If we understand the vulnerability and fragility of self that underlies the attachment to material goods then our approach to climate change shifts from a focus on engaging the public through convincing/persuading/messaging to a focus on supporting/listening/understanding.

Instead of looking for the ‘right’ way to communicate we should explore how to create social settings that both respect people’s fragile identities and establish and nurture alternative social norms. We can use both existing networks that offer alternative foci for people’s identity (for example faith groups, neighbourhood groups, cultural groups) and create new forms of support that take account of the fragile ‘I’, strengthen new social identities and break the relationship between consumer goods and a functioning sense of self.

In the ‘Carbon Conversations’ project, which I presented recently at the Manchester International Festival, we use small, facilitator-led groups, that focus on values, emotions, meaning and identity to explore how people can reduce carbon emissions.

When people have space to explore their personal relationship to a high-carbon, consumption-driven life-style and when their vulnerability around identity issues can be supported, they develop the confidence and the staying power to make significant life-style changes. Clearly good facilitation is key to such groups. Facilitators need good relational skills and sensitivity to unconscious group process combined with technical knowledge, in order to deliver these groups well. However, when these qualities are present the pay-offs for members of these groups are significant: a new-found capacity to make measurable reductions in carbon emissions and a lasting and genuine commitment to creating a different kind of society.

It is my hope that the next few years will see many more projects using insights from psychoanalysis and other therapeutic models to facilitate change in a broad range of social contexts.

www.identitycampaigning.org

I noticed a recent promotion where The Energy Saving Trust and the Imperial War Museum have teamed up to promote the ‘Wartime Spirit Campaign’ to encourage people to learn from the past how to reduce waste and save energy.

It all sounds very idealistic but as a nation we’re so institutionalised in luxury and the satisfying of all our immediate desires and wants that any lesser existence would seem inconceivable.

Personally I would love to grow my own vegetables but without land and being time poor it seems like an alien concept and very idealistic. Certainly this is the case whilst living in the inner sanctum of the urban metropolis where open space is a premium to say the least.

Philip Sellwood, chief executive of the Energy Saving Trust, said: “We are certainly not advocating a return to rationing or indeed enforced personal daily allowances. However if we could adopt just a few of the practices used during the war, such as recycling bath water for watering plants, then it would go a long way towards saving energy and reducing our carbon footprint.” I do quite like the idea of using the bath water on the plants although capturing the water from the shower might prove a little more difficult. I can’t in fact remember the last time I had a bath but I guess a lot of people still do. However,  I do remember fondly sharing baths with my siblings whist growing up to save on energy and time. In fact I know sharing a bath is one of the hot tips in the ‘We Are What We Do’ series of tips, although preferably with someone you love. See http://www.wearewhatwedo.org/actiontracker/action.php?action=8

Interestingly, research conducted by the Energy Saving Trust – which provides free advice to consumers on reducing their carbon emissions and works with retailers, builders and industry to increase the availability of energy efficient products – suggests the British public might not be averse to a bit of enforced frugality. I think the recession is fast forwarding this situation as a matter of necessity and that’s probably what people need to influence their behaviour patterns.

As part of the joint campaign, the Imperial War Museum has put together a number of examples of how wartime initiatives can be adapted for the modern world, including ‘make do and mend’, ‘is your journey really necessary?’ and ‘save fuel for battle’.

From a marketing point of view it’s fascinating to see the language used and the call to actions used in these advertising campaigns during the war prior to mass market communications and the overload of insidious messages we experience today through spam. I wonder how effective these posters were in engaging people and contributing to behaviour change compared to today’s multi-million pound integrated campaigns?

I think sometimes you’ve just got to get out from under the pile of e-mails and overbearing work schedules to mobilise yourself and generate awareness through mass protest for the issues one cares about. I often think of the quote by Martin Luther King Jr who said “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that happen.” I did wonder how easy it would be for people to show any sort of freedom of expression in the Square Mile with so much regulation, control and overbearing protectionist systems in place preventing the public from diverting from their ‘acceptable’ forms of behaviour, dress and actions. The closer I got to the centre your’e reminded that we’re in a society where we’re being denied some of our basic freedoms with CCTV cameras everywhere and roadblocks herding us through predefined routes. One of my favourite books is the Traveller by John Twelve-Hawkes which muses over a battle in society between randomness and one driven by systems. It’s quite frightening to realise Britain has more surveillance than any other state in Europe. And as communication is a cornerstone to civilization it’s worrying that more people are more institutionalised than ever, armchair-ridden followers of fashion and not willing to stand-up and fight for what they believe in. Anthony Robbins neatly puts it that were immersed in and deluded by this ‘all pervasive hypnotic culture’. Even though we’ve all been very institutionalised and our ideas homogenised as citizens,if it’s a debate between nature and nurture I think we all have the inbuilt capacity to get out there sometimes and shout as loud as we can. I suppose that’s why football matches play such an important role in society as they provide an outlet for people to reconnect with their tribal roots of solidarity and group expression. If we don’t mobilise now as the earth faces the catastrope of a 2 degree temperature rise we’ll be all responsible for the slow suffication of our innate communications skills and more worryingly witness to the slow degredation and further exploitation of our planetary scarce resources. We must maintain a voice and wake up! On a more positive note this week it was good to see docu films such as ‘Who Killed The Electric Car’ aired on national TV last night. And by the way, it was a sunny, chilled out, peacful and positive day on Bishopsgate today. I’m definately off to the next Climate Camp. So how is it that The Evening Standard showed the front page like Armageddon. Oh yes…of course the state apparatus having it’s say.

ACT - Advertising Community Together is a non-profit association that showcases ads on social, environmental and sustainable development accessible on its website. They also produce a worldwide touring exhibition shown at public and professional events, conferences and debates within the communication industry. Its goal is to promote and inspire responsible communication on sustainability, equitable development and social responsibility. ACT shows how advertising professionals from all continents can use their core talent - creativity - to play a significant role in addressing today’s crucial world issues.

They are preparing a new exhibition that will be premiered in Cannes 20-26 June 2009 before starting its annual world tour. It illustrates the main issues of Sustainable Development from the environmental to the social and demonstrates the power of “creativity” on today’s crucial issues.

They are gathering worldwide ads about sustainable development themes :

- Environnemental Ads: Visual communication examples regarding environmental areas, such as Water Preservation, Climate Change, Biodiversity and natural areas Protection, Desertification, Renewable Energies…
- Social Ads: Visual illustrations on subjects such as Solidarity, Human Rights, Childhood Protection, Poverty, Education, Sanitation, Racism…and also Alcohol Abuse, Drug Addiction, Personal Health, Road Safety, Obesity Prevention, Organ Donation,..

Why become part of the ACT Exhibition?

- After 7 years, ACT is now well known by the Advertising Community as a key player in Communication and Sustainable Development topics.
- Be part of a great Worldtour of Exhibitions including Cannes 2009. Since Cannes 2008, The Expo has been seen in over 10 locations around the world including the NY Advertising Week, EACA Euro Effies, Golden Drum, IAA and more.

See www.act-responsible.org

Companies will face tougher tests when advertising their green credentials, under proposals released recently.

The Committee of Advertising Practice, the industry’s self-regulator, proposes to expand the environmental and social responsibility sections of the broadcast advertising code, to “prevent marketers from exaggerating the environmental benefits of their products”.

The clampdown on greenwashing is part of a wider consultation into the first major changes to the advertising code in eight years.

CAP’s proposed new rules require green advertising on television to be based on the full life cycle of the advertised product or service. It also will use general principles rather than specific rules, which it says could quickly become outdated.

“Absolute claims must be supported by a high level of substantiation,” the proposed rules say, although comparative terms such as “greener” may be allowed in some circumstances.

“It provides a catchall for the unintended and the unexpected,” said Andrew Brown, chairman of CAP and BCAP, the broadcast committee.

Complaints about greenwashing have risen sharply, reflecting the increased popularity of environmental claims in advertisements. In 2006, the Advertising Standards Authority received approximately 117 complaints about 83 advertisements, rising to 561 complaints about 410 advertisements in 2007.

Environmental claims have become a “new form of competitive language for advertisers”, requiring tighter rules that provide “less excuse through ignorance and obfuscation”, said Mr Brown.

David Norman, director of campaigns at WWF UK, whose complaint against an advertisement by Royal Dutch Shell last year was upheld by the ASA, gave the change in rules a cautious welcome.

“WWF would say certainly it sounds like a good move to strengthen regulations so that those companies who do have genuine investments in green technology and answers to climate change are rewarded for that, rather than the companies who invest in marketing.”

Mr Brown said that in general, the review of advertising rules – the first to revise broadcast and general advertising codes simultaneously in their 50-year history – was designed to help broadcasters and advertisers adapt to an increasingly fragmented media landscape.

The new rules are expected to come into force next year.

We all know on some level that in order for there to be any true, definitive shift in how humans live more sustainably, we must address consumer decision. Purchase decisions target the issue of desire and production: what people seem to want and the processes used to provide those wants. But focusing on green consumption is appealing for another reason: it is well within our comfort zone. Making and selling products is what we are good at in the developed world; it’s part of the ethos and ideology that makes our market-based society motor along.

Recently, however, we are starting to see a movement – slow, quiet, but there nonetheless – that is arguing for a different, deeper approach than green consumption. This approach, most recently articulated in the WWF-UK report, Weathercocks & Signposts, suggests that instead of focusing on what individuals can do, or more specifically, what products they can buy, that we need to target the underlying values and beliefs that drive our lifestyles. When considered in full, this is a powerful critique against remaining in our comfort zone of the market, and instead asking people to radically rethink who and what we are, or more simply, what makes us happy and satisfied.

This is not a new concept, nor is it naïve. In the first book on green marketing in 1998, Toby M. Smith wrote in The Myth of Green Marketing, “In buying the environmentally safer product one is making sense of the world, because the act domesticates that which is threatening and unfamiliar by attaching it to what is comprehensible” (23). In other words, buying green makes environmentalism a lot more palatable. For Smith, consumer choice is not necessarily conscious, but rather driven by discourses “that structure identity and understanding of our relationship to the world” which are almost always latent (23). In focusing on green consumerism, we are basically smoothing over any potential rupture or radical critique of what we are doing in the first place. That is, what does it mean to be human, and to live on a finite and precious planet?

Identities, values, and beliefs – as with attitudes – are not nearly as fixed or static as we assume. Rather they are fluid, shifting according to contexts and influences. Call it consciousness, call it subjectivity, call it values-based approach. This emphasis is the direction the WWF-UK report is (courageously) moving us toward. In suggesting to the environmental movement at large – and most saliently, environmental communicators – that we shift our focus from attitudes and behaviour to values, beliefs, identities, what is being presented is nothing less than a radical re-conceptualization of  how we approach environmental marketing and advocacy. This means working in an interdisciplinary way, alongside psychologists, cultural anthropologists, cultural and social theorists: anyone who may shed some desperately needed insight into what it takes to shape and inform a revolution of values.  Thankfully they are not alone: a team at Yale just published a new report to signal this shift. To learn more about WWF-UK’s work and be part of the debate, visit http://www.valuingnature.org.  Renee Lertzman